# Preferences

# Learning from Preferences

In this section, we focus on learning from **pairwise feedback**, where we have preference data indicating which of two completions is better for a given prompt. This kind of feedback is a natural fit for tasks where there's not a simple correctness criterion that can be computed programmatically. These preferences might be collected from human evaluators or generated by a model.

## Two Approaches to Preference Learning

When you have pairwise preference data, there are two main approaches:

1. **Direct Preference Optimization (DPO)**: Directly update the policy to prefer chosen responses over rejected ones, without needing a separate reward model. This is simpler and computationally cheaper. See the [DPO Guide](https://tinker-docs.thinkingmachines.ai/cookbook/preferences/dpo-guide/index.md) for details.
1. **Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF)**: Train a reward model on preference data, then use reinforcement learning to optimize the policy against this reward model. This two-stage approach provides more flexibility. See the [RLHF example](https://tinker-docs.thinkingmachines.ai/cookbook/preferences/rlhf-example/index.md) for details.